Investment Intent: What It Is and How to Use It

Investment intent is a formal document or declaration expressing a preliminary interest of an investor in participating in a business opportunity, without yet constituting a definitive legal commitment. This instrument serves as the first step in negotiations that may culminate in a concrete investment.

5/15/20252 min read

person holding smartphone beside tablet computer
person holding smartphone beside tablet computer

Concept and Purpose

Investment intent, also known as a letter of intent or memorandum of understanding, functions as a bridge between initial interest and formal commitment. It establishes the general principles and preliminary conditions that will guide future negotiations.

This document has several purposes:

  • Formalizing the investor's interest in the business

  • Establishing initial parameters for negotiations

  • Creating a framework for the due diligence process

  • Demonstrating commitment without generating definitive legal obligations

  • Enabling access to confidential business information

Essential Elements

A well-structured investment intent typically includes:

  • Identification of parties involved: Complete data of the investor and the target company/project

  • Business description: Nature of the intended investment

  • Preliminary values and conditions: Approximate amount and form of investment

  • Timeline: Estimated deadlines for each stage of the process

  • Precedent conditions: Requirements that need to be met for negotiations to advance

  • Exclusivity: Period during which parties will not negotiate with third parties

  • Confidentiality: Commitment to secrecy regarding shared information

  • Applicable legislation: Definition of the laws that will govern the document

Importance in the Investment Process

Investment intent plays a crucial role in the fundraising process by:

  1. Formalizing interest: Transforming informal conversations into a structured process

  2. Protecting parties: Establishing limits and protections for both sides

  3. Facilitating planning: Allowing parties to organize for the next steps

  4. Filtering opportunities: Separating genuinely interested investors from merely curious ones

Differences from Definitive Contracts

It's essential to understand that investment intent is not a definitive contract. Its main differences are:

  • Limited legal binding: Generally does not create definitive investment obligations

  • Preliminary character: Expresses initial conditions, subject to modifications

  • Need for complementary documents: Will be succeeded by formal contracts if negotiations advance

Practical Applications

Investment intent finds applications in various contexts:

  • Startups seeking investment: As a first step with angel investors or funds

  • Mergers and acquisitions: To initiate company purchase processes

  • Real estate projects: As an expression of interest in developments

  • Joint ventures: To establish initial bases for business collaborations

  • International investments: As a preliminary phase in cross-border negotiations

Important Considerations

When drafting or signing an investment intent, it is advisable to:

  • Legal counsel: Rely on specialized support in drafting or analyzing the document

  • Clarity in conditions: Precisely establish which points are binding and which are not

  • Care with commitments: Avoid clauses that might be interpreted as definitive obligations

  • Realistic deadlines: Establish feasible timelines for each stage of the process

Investment intent is a valuable instrument for structuring investment negotiations in an organized and professional manner, protecting the interests of all parties involved while establishing the foundations for a potential successful partnership.